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Facts About Germany German History German Recipes |
April 2 in German History April 2, ca. 742 Birth of Karl der Große (Charlemagne) (ca. 742-814) Karl der Große or Charlemagne
was born near Aachen in about 742. He was the king of the
Franks. (The Franks
were a Germanic people who had extended their influence over
parts of modern France and Belgium by this date in history.) On Christmas day of the year 800 he was crowned
emperor of an empire which would become known as the Holy
Roman Empire at some periods in history and as the German
Empire at other periods. He established his capital at Aachen
(modern Germany). He spread Christianity and developed
efficient educational and political systems in his empire. He
built many churches and was a devout Christian. The cathedral
he built in his capital city of Aachen is still used. He was
declared a saint in 1165 at the urging of the emperor,
Friedrich Barbarossa. (This predated the formal process of
canonization.) The declaration of sainthood was made by the
bishop of Cologne with the formal approval of the pope,
Paschal III. Paschal III, however, was an antipope and the
man who came to be recognized as the official pope, Alexander
III opposed the sainthood of Karl. After 1176 a compromise
was reached whereby the sainthood was permitted but not
officially sanctioned. Relics of Karl may be viewed in the
Cathedral of Aachen. Birth of Johann Heinrich Waser in Zürich, Switzerland. Waser was the Mayor of Zürich and prominent in Swiss national politics at a time when the confederation was troubled with internal differences. April 2, 1640 Death of Paul Fleming in Hamburg. Fleming was one of the outstanding poets of the German Baroque period of literature. A poet of outstanding natural talent, Fleming had befriended the intellectual, Martin Opitz, while a student at the University of Leipzig and been guided by him in his early writing. April 2, 1719 Birth of Johann Ludwig Gleim in Ermsleben,
Germany. Gleim was an Anacreontic poet. "Rosen pflücke,
Rosen blühn, morgen ist nicht heut! . . . Trinke, kusse! Es
ist heut Gelegenheit!" April 2, 1798 Birth of August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben in Fallersleben, Germany. Fallersleben was a poet who gained lasting recognition as the author of the lyrics of Germany's national anthem. Fallersleben wrote "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles" in 1841 (music from a theme by Haydn). The second verse of the original is currently the German national anthem: "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit für das deutsche Vaterland! Danach lasst uns alle streben brüderlich mit Herz und Hand! Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit sind des Glückes Unterpfand. Blüh im Glanze dieses Glueckes, blühe deutsches Vaterland!" April 2, 1891 Birth of Max Ernst in Brühl, Germany. Ernst was a painter and sculptor whose work started with Dadaist paintings. He formed a group of Dada artists in Cologne with a colleague, Jean Arp. In 1922 he moved to Paris and became a member of the developing Paris Surrealists. After 1934 his interests moved to sculpture. With the advent of the Second World War, Ernst fled to the United States. In 1949 he returned to Europe and continued his work there. Ernst died on April 1, 1976. April 2, 1905 Birth of Kurt Adler in Vienna, Austria. After study at the Vienna Academy of Music, the Vienna Conservatory and the University of Vienna, Adler became a leading conductor at various locations in Europe. In 1938 he immigrated to the United States and accepted a position with the Chicago Opera. In 1943 he moved to the San Francisco Opera and was responsible for transforming that company from regional status to a leading opera company. April 2, 1914 Death of Paul von Heyse in Munich, Germany. The writer, Heyse, won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1910. With fellow luminary, Emanuel Geibel, he was the head of the Munich circle of writers. He wrote novels, poetry and 120 novellas. A number of his poems were set to music by the composer Hugo Wolf. His best known novel is Kinder der Welt (1873). April 2, 1922 Death of Hermann Rorschach in Herisau, Switzerland. The developer of the "Rorschach Test", he earned his M.D. from the University of Zürich. He was a practicing psychologist in Zürich. Back to Today in German History Calendar |
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