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August 2 in German History
--------------------------------- August 2, 1934
Paul von Hindenburg dies in Neudeck,
Germany (now in Poland). Von Hindenburg had been a general
and became the president of the Weimar Republic (Germany from
the end of WWI to the rise of Hitler). Hindenburg became
president in 1925 upon the death of the first president of
the Republic, Friedrich Ebert. In 1933 he appointed Hitler
chancellor, thinking that the man and his party could be
controlled and thus be useful. Hindenburg died in office in
1934.
August 2, 1935
Death of Helmut von Gerlach in Paris,
France (born in Mönchmotschelnitz, Germany). Gerlach founded
the Nationalsozialer Verein in 1896 and wrote for the
organization's paper, Die Zeit. In 1901 he became the
editor of the Berlin weekly Die Welt am Montag. During
World War I he was a leading pacifist. During the period of
the Weimar Republic he remained active as a pacifist and was
a leader in the Neues Vaterland organization and the Deutsche
Liga für Menschenrechte. When Hitler came to power he fled
to Austria and then to France. In France he was active as an
anti-Nazi.
August 2, 1972
Death of Rudolph Ganz in Chicago (born in
Zürich, Switzerland). The composer/conductor, Ganz, studied
music in Switzerland and in Germany. After success with the
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra he immigrated to the United
States. In America he taught at the Chicago Musical College
and became its president. He conducted the St. Louis Symphony
Orchestra from 1921-1927.
August 2, 1976
Death of Fritz Lang in Los Angeles (born in
Vienna). Lang worked in Berlin as one of the great film
makers of the early days of motion pictures. Classic films by
Lang are Dr. Mabuse, der Spieler (1922), Die
Nibelungen (1924), Metropolis (1926), Das
Testament des Dr. Mabuse (1932). The Nazi propaganda
minister, Joseph Goebbels invited Lang to be in charge of
German film making. Alarmed, Lang left Germany that very day,
living first for a time in Paris and then the United States.
In America he continued to make films. Some of his noted
American films are, Fury (1936), Western Union
(1941), and Hangmen also Die (1943).
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