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January
10 in German History
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January 10, 1573
Birth of Simon Marius in Gunzenhausen, Germany. Marius was the astronomer
who named the four largest moons of Jupiter. He was one of the first astronomers
to use a telescope, the first to report the spiral nebula in Andromeda
and one of the first to note sunspots.
January 10, 1785
Death of Heinrich Wilhelm Stiegel in Charming Forge, PA (born near Cologne,
Germany). Stiegel immigrated to Philadelphia in 1750. There he built an
ironworks and soon expanded to a second ironworks in Lancaster. At the
boycott of British imports he expanded his manufacture of window glass
and bottles at a company he founded called the American Flint Glassworks.
He was highly successful and became known for his mansions, servants and
high life style. As economic conditions deteriorated with the approach
of the war with England, however, his fortunes declined. By 1774 he was
in debtors prison.
January 10, 1797
Annnette von Droste-Hülshoff is born in Hülshoff, Germany.
She is one of the leading writers of the 19th century. She is most noted
for her poetry, Gedichte (1838) and Das geistliche Jahr
(1851). Her novella, Das Judenbuch (1842) is also highly respected.
January 10, 1847
Birth of Jacob Schiff in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Schff immigrated
to the United States in 1865 where he would become one of America's leading
railroad bankers. He was the head of the investment bank, Kuhn, Loeb and
Company. His financial backing led to Edward Harriman taking control of
the Union Pacific Railroad. He later backed Harriman in his struggle with
James J. Hill and J. P. Morgan for control of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
In his later years he became a philanthropist and was a major donor to
Harvard and Cornell universities and to the American Red Cross.
January 10, 1866
Birth of Karl Aschoff in Berlin. Aschoff was a pathologist who had studied
at the University of Bonn and taught at the University of Freiburg. He
discovered phagocytes (cells which ingest foreign substances) and Aschoff's
bodies (nodules in the heart related to the rheumatic process).
January 10, 1880
Birth of Grock (stage name of Charles Wettach) in Reconvilier, Switzerland.
Grock was a circus clown and later a stage comedian of great popularity.
His autobiography, Die Memoiren des Königs der Clowns, was
published in 1956.
January 10, 1890
Death of Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger in Munich, Germany. Döllinger
was a Roman Catholic priest, a professor of canon law and a church historian
in Munich. When the First Vatican Council of 1869-1870 defined the infallibility
of the pope Döllinger could not accept the doctrine. He joined the
Altkatholiken who broke with the Vatican after the council. His writing
on the subject of papal infallibility was listed on the Roman Catholic
Index of Forbidden Books and he was excommunicated in 1871.
January 10, 1920
The Versailles Treaty takes force.
January 10, 1949
Death of Erich Dagobert von Drygalski in Königsberg, Germany (now
in Russia). A geographer and glaciologist, Drygalski led an expedition
to the Antarctic from 1901-1903 and published the results of the findings
in Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903. The 20 volume work
appeared between 1905 and 1931. Drygalski was a professor at the University
of Munich.
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