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Facts About Germany German History German Recipes |
January
14 in German History January 14, 1683 Birth of Gottfried Silbermann in Kleinbobritzsch, Germany. Silbermann's company was the leading builder of spinets, clavichords, harpsichords and organs in the age of Bach. January 14, 1800 Birth of Ludwig Ritter von Köchel in Stein, Austria. Although he
had earned a doctorate in law, Köchel devoted his life and studies
to music. In 1862 he published his Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis
sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amade Mozarts. In that work he organized
all of Morzart's works into 23 categories and determined dates of composition
of each work based on stylistic development and Mozart's handwriting.
Since then Mozart's works are identified with the "K" or "Köchel"
numbers. January 14, 1804 Birth of Johann Strauß (the elder) in Vienna, Austria. This Johann Strauß was the father of the more famous "Waltz King". Like his son, he too was very popular in Vienna as a composer of waltzes, polkas, and marches. He tried to discourage his son, Johann the younger, from a career in music. He felt that banking would be a better career for him. Today Johann the elder is probably best known for his "Radetzky March". His other sons, Josef and Eduard became conductors and Josef also composed waltzes. January 14, 1875 Albert Schweitzer born in Kayersberg, Elsaß, Germany (now France). Schweitzer established a reputation in the areas of philosophy, theology, and music but is remembered mostly today as one of the world's great humanitarians. He won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1952 for his work at his hospital mission in Africa. Schweizer completed a doctorate in philosophy in 1899 at the University of Strassburg and a doctorate in theology in 1900. After establishing his reputation as a world class theologian (Von Reimarus zu Wrede, 1906) and a musician with great respect, he decided that he had to devote his life more directly to the service of humanity. He returned to school and earned a doctorate in medicine in 1913. He then went to Africa and spent the remainder of his life in medical and theological service to the people there. Although periodically criticized in the later 20th century, his thinking has continued to have wide ranging impact in the contemporary world. His book Kulturphilosophie, 1923, contains the basis of his philosophical views, including his basic sense of "reverence for life". January 14, 1892 Martin Niemöller born in Lippstadt, Germany. Niemöller served as a commander of a submarine in World War I. He undertook studies in theology after the war and became a pastor in Berlin. He was a leader in the resistance against Hitler. He was arrested in 1937 and sent to the camp in Dachau. After the war he returned to his work in the church. His experiences in the war and his conscience led him to very active pacifism during the "Cold War". He was given the Lenin Peace Prize in 1967 and the German "Grand Cross of Merit" in 1971. January 14, 1897 Birth of Hasso Freiherr von Manteuffel in Potsdam, Germany. Manteuffel was a German tank commander in World War II. He was involved in developing battle strategies from the early days of the war in North Africa through the Battle of the Bulge at the end of the war. He was tried for war crimes and sentenced to 18 months in prison of which he served 4. January 14, 1905 Death of Ernst Abbe in Jena, Germany. Abbe was a physicist who made significant progress in optical theory and thus in microscope design. He discovered the optical formula called the Abbe sine condition. He taught at the University of Jena. In 1866 he became the research director of the Zeiss optical company. While with Zeiss he invented the apochromatic lens system. In 1891 he established the Carl Zeiss Foundation for research in science and social improvement. January 14, 1978 Death of Kurt Gödel in Princeton, NJ (born in Brünn, Austria). Gödel was a mathematician who developed "Gödel's proof" which shows that mathematics can have internal contradictions. This has had a heavy impact on the understanding of mathematics in the 20th century. Gödel was professor of mathematics at the University of Vienna. He immigrated to the United States in 1940 where he worked at the Princeton Advanced Study Institute. The Gödel proof was published in Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, vol. 38 in 1931. January 14, 1987 Death of Douglas Sirk (original name, Claus Detlef Sierck) in Lugano,
Switzerland (born in Hamburg, Germany). Sirk began his career as a theater
and film director in Germany. In 1937 he fled Hitler's Germany, making
his way to the United States in 1939. He began directing films in Hollywood
in 1943. He achieve recognition as a director with Universal Studios.
His credits include Magnificent Obsession (1954), There's Always
Tomorrow (1955), Written on the Wind (1956), The Tarnished
Angels (1957), and Imitation of Life (1959). Back to Today in German History Calendar |
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