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January
16 in German History
---------------------------------
January 16, 1820

Birth of Johannes Rebmann (1820-1876) in Gerlingen, Germany. Rebmann was a missionary
and explorer in Africa. In 1848 he was the first European to see Mount
Kilimanjaro and in 1849 the first to see Mount Kenya.
January 16, 1838

Birth of Franz Brentano (1838-1917) in Marienberg, Germany. Brentano was a professor
of philosophy at the University of Würzburg. He was the nephew of
the poet Clemens Brentano. He was a priest of the Roman Catholic Church
and a professor of theology at the University of Würzburg. The doctrine
of papal infallibility, however, seems to have been the factor impelling
him to resign both offices. Later as an instructor at the University of
Vienna, his students included Sigmund Freud, Carl Stumpf and Edmund Husserl.
His most influential book is Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte
(1874).
January 16, 1917
The German minister, Arthur Zimmermann, sends a telegram through the
German ambassador in Washington to the German ambassador in Mexico offering
Mexico an alliance against the United States. He proposes that Mexico
will be assisted in retaking Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. The telegram
is intercepted and decoded by British intelligence and given to President
Woodrow Wilson. The telegram becomes instrumental in forming American
public opinion against Germany and for entering the war as Wilson gives
it to the press in March. (America will enter the war five weeks later.)
January 16, 1937
German cardinals Adolf Bertram (Breslau), Michael Faulhaber (Munich) and
Josef Schulte (Cologne) along with bishops Clemens August von Galen (Münster)
and Konrad von Preysing (Berlin) meet with the ailing Pope Pius XI seeking
help in withstanding the aggression of the Nazi party. Pius XI agrees
to issue an encyclical on the plight of the Church in Germany. (The encyclical,
"Mit brennender Sorge" was drafted by Cardinal Faulhaber and
edited by the Vatican secretary of state, Eugenio Pacelli.)
January 16, 1945

End of the "Battle of the Bulge". The Battle of the Bulge was
the last desperate attempt by German forces to break the Allied front in
the west and turn the tide of World War II.
January 16, 1950
Death of Gustav von Bohlen und Halbach near Salzburg, Austria. He married
the heiress of the Krupp family (steel and arms), Bertha Krupp, and gained
control of Krupp Industries. He then added the name Krupp to his name.
So important was Krupp Industries to the economy that the Kaiser himself
chose the Prussian diplomat, von Bolen und Halbach, as Bertha Krupp's
husband to manage the firm.
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