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September
25 in German History
--------------------------------- September 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg takes effect ending
conflicts for a time between Catholics and Protestants. (On
the same date in 1789 the U. S. First Amendment was adopted
prohibiting the establishment of a state religion.)
September 25, 1852
Birth of Hans Vaihinger in Nehren, Germany.
He was a philosopher influenced by Kant and Schopenhauer. His
most renowned book is Die Philosophie des Als Ob.
September 25, 1920
Death of Jacob Schiff in New York City
(born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany). Schiff immigrated to
the United States in 1865 where he would become one of
America's leading railroad bankers. He was the head of the
investment bank, Kuhn, Loeb and Company. His financial
backing led to Edward Harriman taking control of the Union
Pacific Railroad. He later backed Harriman in his struggle
with James J. Hill and J. P. Morgan for control of the
Northern Pacific Railroad. In his later years he became a
philanthropist and was a major donor to Harvard and Cornell
universities and to the American Red Cross.
September 25, 1931
Death of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
in Berlin, Germany. Wilamowitz-Moellendorff was a classicist
at the University of Berlin. He is noted for his outstanding
work, primarily in Greek studies. He effectively crippled the
classics career of Friedrich Nietzsche through his scathing
review of Nietzsche's first book, Die Geburt der
Tragödie. Nietzsche at that time was a young professor
at the University of Basel.
September 25, 1939
A peace treaty is signed between Germany
and Andorra ending WWI. (Andorra had not been included in the
Versailles Treaty.)
September 25, 1969
Death of Paul Scherrer in Sankt Gallen,
Switzerland. A physicist, Scherrer worked with Peter Debbie
on X-ray diffraction analysis. The Debye-Scherrer method is
important in identifying materials which do not easily form
large crystals. Scherrer was professor of physics at the
University of Zürich.
September 25, 1970
Death of the novelist, Erich Maria Remarque
in Locarno, Switzerland. His most known novel is Im Westen
nichts Neues (All Quiet on the Western Front.)
September 25, 1991
Death of the "Butcher of Lyon",
Klaus Barbie, in Lyon, France. Barbie was the head of the
Gestapo in Lyon from 1942-1944. He had 4,000 people executed
and over 7,000 deported. After WWII American forces employed
him in counterintelligence and then moved him to Bolivia
where he led a life as a businessman named Klaus Altmann. He
was found in 1972 and extradited to France. In 1987 he was
tried in Lyon for crimes against humanity and sentenced to
life in prison.
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